Proxy Pattern

The Proxy Pattern is a structural design pattern that provides a surrogate or placeholder for another object to control access to it. This pattern is useful for adding functionality such as lazy initialization, access control, or logging without altering the original object.

type Subject = {
  request(): void;
};

class RealSubject implements Subject {
  request(): void {
    console.log("Real subject");
  }
}

class Proxy implements Subject {
  private realSubject: RealSubject | undefined = undefined; // Lazy initialization

  request(): void {
    if (this.realSubject === undefined) {
      // Check against null explicitly
      this.realSubject = new RealSubject();
    }

    this.realSubject.request();
  }
}

const client = {
  run(): void {
    const proxy: Subject = new Proxy(); // Type the proxy as Subject
    proxy.request();

    const proxy2 = new Proxy();
    proxy2.request(); // The RealSubject is only created once
  }
};

client.run();

Prototype Pattern

Queer Combinator

Docs

computer-science.dev

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Proxy Pattern